Kanchipuram is an ancient and culturally significant city in Tamil Nadu, known for its temples and handwoven silk sarees. Among the many religious landmarks in the city, the Kanchi Kamakshi Amman Temple and the Kailasanathar Temple are particularly famous. However, the city’s most iconic temple is the Kanchipuram Varadaraja Perumal Temple, also known as the Devarajaswami Temple. This temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is one of the 108 Divya Desams or sacred abodes of Lord Vishnu. In this article, we will take you on a journey through the riches of South Indian architecture and spirituality, as we explore the Kanchipuram Varadaraja Perumal Temple.
History and Legends of Kanchipuram Temple
The Kanchipuram Varadaraja Perumal Temple is believed to have been built by the Pallava dynasty in the 8th century CE. Later, the temple was renovated and expanded by the Chola dynasty in the 10th century CE. The temple’s main deity is Lord Varadaraja, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu, who is depicted in a reclining posture. According to legend, the temple’s idol was gifted to a Chola king by a sage, who obtained it from Lord Brahma himself.
The architecture of Kanchipuram Temple
The Kanchipuram Varadaraja Perumal Temple is a prime example of the Dravidian style of architecture. The temple complex covers an area of 23 acres and comprises several gopurams, mandapams, and shrines. The main gopuram, or entrance tower, is 192 feet tall and has 11 tiers. The temple’s sanctum sanctorum houses the 10 feet long idol of Lord Varadaraja in a reclining posture, which is made of a single stone. The intricate carvings on the temple walls depict scenes from Hindu mythology and are a testament to the skill and craftsmanship of the artisans of that era.
Significance of Kanchipuram Temple
The Kanchipuram Varadaraja Perumal Temple is one of the most important Vishnu temples in South India and attracts devotees from across the country. The temple is also believed to be one of the Pancha Bootha Sthalas, which represent the five elements of nature. It is associated with the element of earth or Prithvi. According to Hindu mythology, the temple’s idol is believed to have been immersed in a tank to protect it from invaders during the 14th century. The idol was rediscovered in the 16th century, and a grand festival, known as the Athi Varadar festival, is held every 40 years to commemorate this event.
Festivals at Kanchipuram Temple
The Kanchipuram Varadaraja Perumal Temple celebrates several festivals throughout the year, which are attended by thousands of devotees. The Brahmotsavam festival, celebrated in the Tamil month of Chithirai (April/May), is one of the most important festivals at the temple. The festival lasts for ten days and includes colorful processions, music, and dance performances. The Vaikunta Ekadasi festival, which falls in the month of Margazhi (December/January), is another important festival celebrated at the temple.
