Varahagiri Venkata Giri, born on August 10, 1894, in Berhampur, Madras Presidency (now in Odisha), was a prominent figure in India’s political history. His multifaceted role as a freedom fighter, labour leader, and statesman shaped the nation’s trajectory during a transformative era. Giri’s legacy is characterized by his commitment to social justice, and workers’ rights, and his unique distinction of being the first President of India to be elected as an independent candidate.
Early Life and Family Background:
V.V. Giri’s upbringing in a Telugu-speaking family marked the foundation of his journey. His parents, originally from Chintalapudi village in Andhra Pradesh, settled in Berhampur in pursuit of a better future. His father, V. V. Jogayya Pantulu, was a respected lawyer and a dedicated Congress activist. Giri’s mother, Subhadramma, played an active role in the national movement, participating in movements such as Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience.
Education and Activism:
Giri’s educational pursuits led him to Ireland, where he studied law at University College Dublin and the Honourable Society of King’s Inns between 1913 and 1916. During this period, Giri was exposed to influential figures like Mahatma Gandhi and actively engaged in the Indian and Irish political scenes. His involvement in both countries’ politics, including producing pamphlets and articles, reflected his dedication to the larger cause of independence and social progress.
Role in the Labour Movement:
Giri’s affiliation with the labour and trade union movement showcased his commitment to addressing the rights of workers. He co-founded the All India Railwaymen’s Federation in 1923 and became its general secretary. His leadership in trade unions, including the Bengal Nagpur Railway Association, left a significant impact, with the successful strike of Bengal Nagpur Railway workers serving as a milestone in India’s labour movement.
Electoral and Ministerial Roles:
Giri’s journey into electoral politics saw him becoming a member of the Imperial Legislative Assembly in 1934. He played a vital role in the Madras Legislative Assembly, serving as Minister for Labour and Industry. Throughout his political career, Giri’s dedication to workers’ rights and social justice remained steadfast.
Presidential Journey:
Giri’s presidency marked a defining phase in India’s political narrative. He was the first President to be elected as an independent candidate, emphasizing his appeal and recognition across political spectrums. During his term, Giri undertook 14 state visits to countries across Asia, Africa, and Europe, contributing to India’s international relations.
Legacy and Honours:
Giri’s contributions were acknowledged with the prestigious Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, bestowed upon him by the Government of India in 1975. His role in public affairs and commitment to social causes resonated deeply with the nation’s ethos.
Conclusion:
Varahagiri Venkata Giri’s life journey encapsulates a fervent commitment to social justice, workers’ rights, and the larger goal of India’s progress. From his early activism to his presidency, Giri’s legacy continues to inspire generations. His imprint on India’s political history serves as a reminder of the power of individual dedication in shaping a nation’s destiny. Giri’s contributions remain a testament to his unwavering pursuit of a just and equitable society.
